Anthro-in-Action Speaker Series:
University of the Philippines Baguio [2020 - 2021]
Topics covered: Biological anthropology; ethics; domestication; hunter-gatherers; death; transwomen
“Biological Anthropology?”
Katherine Bishop, MA (Edmonton)
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 at 1:30 p.m. PST via YouTube Premiere
Abstract: What is it? What rights do you have to do it? What types of jobs can you get in it?
Since taking my first course on the subject, I have been asked many questions about biological anthropology. During this lecture, we will discuss possible answers to these questions and engage with the ethical considerations of physically studying remains of the human past. By drawing from my own background and experiences, we will also explore the types of jobs or employment opportunities born out of this field, and how we can use these opportunities to fulfill our ethical promise to those we study. Instead of asking what biological anthropology is, our job will be to explain who biological anthropology is for.
Biography: Katherine Bishop is a PhD Candidate at the University of Alberta. She did her BSc in medical sciences, her MA in biological anthropology, and is now researching pastoralism in ancient Greece. She currently works as an archaeologist and faunal expert for a Cultural Resource Management firm in Canada. As a bioarchaeologist, Katherine studies human and animal bones to help explore questions about modern and ancient history. In doing this, she has applied her anthropology background to research in forensic sciences, disease and nutrition, and biochemistry. Her education has given her opportunities to serve as a forensic anthropology consultant, participate in anthropology-related projects with municipal and provincial governments, and be a part of archaeological research in Peru, Greece, Italy, and Canada. During her lecture, she will draw from her own background and experiences to explore opportunities in anthropology and the various applications of this field.
Chemical Analysis of Bone and the Evolving Consumption of Maize in the Ecuadorian Andes
Paula Torres Peña, MA (Ecuador)
Tuesday, March 30, 2021 at 1:30 p.m. PST via Zoom
Abstract: Interpretation of Pre-hispanic diets has often been based exclusively on zooarchaeological and palaeobotanical records. However, the introduction of methods such as chemical analysis of bone has provided interesting insights into the consumption of plants and animal protein in the past. These new insights have led archaeologists to question previous interpretations on subsistence economies and diet. In Ecuador, maize pollen and phytoliths from sediment cores of lake San Pablo have indicated the presence of this C4 plant in the highlands as early as the Preceramic Period (8800 - 4600 B.C.). This discovery together with the increasing evidence of maize cobs, carbonized seeds, pollen, and phytoliths in different sites from the Formative (3500 - 400 B.C.), Regional Development (500 B.C. - A.D. 500), and Integration (500/600 A.D. - 1530) periods have suggested maize was an important part of human and animal diets. But, does carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis confirm that the consumption of maize increased to the point it became a food staple in the Ecuadorian Andes?
Biography: Paula Torres Peña is an Ecuadorian archaeologist and biological anthropologist. Since 2010, she has participated in more than twenty different archaeological research projects, often as a bioarchaeological consultant or as a field and laboratory assistant. Many of these archaeological projects have focused on studying early human settlements in the Northern Highlands of Ecuador, some of which were hunter-gatherers or early agriculturalists contemporary with the first appearance of ceramics. Other projects have studied human settlements in the coastal region or the Amazon. In 2015, she obtained her Bachelor's degree in Anthropology with a Major in Archaeology from the Pontificia Universidad Católica of Ecuador. Her thesis research focused on analyzing human skeletal remains and studying funerary practices in pre-Hispanic sites in the Quito Valley. Later, in 2018, she completed her Master’s program in Anthropology at the University of Alberta. Her research examined human diets in three archaeological sites using stable isotope analysis. In addition, a comparison of her data with previous studies allowed her to identify dietary changes across three time periods. Over the last decade, Paula has participated in several national and international conferences and workshops. She has also been a forensic expert in police searches in Canada, and a lecturer of Physical Anthropology in Ecuador.
The Liminal and Disrupted Lives of Singaporean and Balinese Transwomen Sex Workers
Kevin Chavez Laxamana, MA (Edmonton)
Thursday, April 15, 2021 at 1:30 p.m. PST via Zoom
Abstract: What does it mean to live a non-linear or disrupted life? When circumstances and society deny someone’s existence because of their non-normative gender and sexuality, by what means do people reconstruct their lives, reclaim their identities and sense of being, and gather the strength to survive their everyday hardships?
This lecture looks at the lived histories and stories of transwomen sex workers in Singapore and Bali, Indonesia. By telling the experiences of these individuals, the more we learn about the intricacies and nuances of the transgender experience and reality which informs and shapes our perspectives on gender and categories. As such, I argue that anthropological studies on transgender and queer subjects, in connection with sex work and other informal labour economies, are sites for contesting and reformulating classifications and categories. The meanings produced and created from anthropological research and gender, as a matter of fact, are ways and processes for cultural transformation. This research is based on 28 in-depth and semi-structured interviews conducted and collected during my ethnographic fieldwork in Singapore and Bali in the summer of 2017.
Biography: Kevin Chavez Laxamana is a Filipino-Canadian sociocultural anthropologist and his research program and training focus is on comparative gender and/or (transgender) queer studies in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Singapore, and the Philippines). Currently, he is writing on the "disrupted" life cycles of Balinese and Singaporean transgender women sex workers by analyzing their diverse experiences and stories of transitioning and de-transitioning. This includes histories of hormone therapies and sexual reassignment surgeries, participation in beauty and/or sex work, religion, romantic and familial relationships, concepts of national belonging, and death. Data for this research was gathered during his ethnographic fieldwork in the region in summer 2017, in partnership with Project X - Singapore (Singapore) and Yayasan Gaya Dewata (Bali, Indonesia). In 2018, he was a Visiting Scholar and Fellow with the Chair in Transgender Studies and the Transgender Archives at the University of Victoria. In 2020, he was named as one of Alberta’s Top 30 Under 30 for 2020. This is an annual award and campaign by the Alberta Council for Global Cooperation (ACGC) featuring “30 outstanding young people, nominated by their community and selected by a committee of peers, for their commendable work in making the world a more just, fair, and sustainable place for all.” Kevin is completing his PhD studies at the University of Alberta. He is an award-winning educator and currently teaches at NorQuest College (Canada) and the University of the Philippines Baguio.
Pre-Historic Hunter-Gatherers in Asia
Victoria van der Haas, PhD (Edmonton)
Tuesday, April 27, 2021 at 1:30 p.m. PST via YouTube Premiere
Abstract: What is it we exactly mean when we use the term “hunter-gatherers”? And is it even the best way to describe all prehistoric peoples?
In this lecture, we will explore three different hunter-gatherer cultures that existed, at various points in time, on the Asian continent. I draw from my research and fieldwork experiences to demonstrate the variation among prehistoric groups. I shall talk about Homo erectus on the island of Java, Indonesia; the Jomon in Hokkaido, Japan; and the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age hunter-gatherers from the Lake Baikal region in Siberia. We will look at some of the archaeological and bio-anthropological evidence that provides us with a better understanding of past human life. You will see that hunter-gatherer societies were diverse, ever-changing, and don’t always conform to the labels we have placed on them.
Biography: Dr. Victoria van der Haas is an archaeologist and biological anthropologist, having conducted research on three continents, spanning over ten years. Her main research interests concern the life-histories of prehistoric hunter-gatherers in Asia. In 2010, Victoria received her Bachelor of Arts degree in Archaeology with a minor in Human Osteology from Leiden University in The Netherlands. A year later, she was awarded her Master of Arts degree in Palaeolithic Archaeology with a minor in Archaeological Heritage Management from the same university. Her thesis, titled “Argon-argon dating of Trinil shells: establishing an age for Pithecanthropus erectus,” focused on the famous Homo erectus fossils from Trinil in Java, Indonesia. Her M.A. research ended up being part of a broader study on the behaviour and dietary choices of Homo erectus. Since then, results have been published in the journal Nature. After completing her graduate degree, Victoria worked on numerous projects for government agencies and a not-for-profit organization that focused on the protection and preservation of cultural heritage. Between 2014 and 2020, she went on to work towards a Ph.D. in Anthropology at the University of Alberta in Canada. Her research was on Holocene hunter-gatherers that lived in the Lake Baikal region of Siberia, Russia. With the use of biochemistry (stable isotope analysis), she examined the dentition of those hunter-gatherers to learn more about their dietary choices and, ultimately, their way of life. During her time as a doctoral student, she also spent several summers working on a multi-occupational site in Hokkaido, Japan, as an archaeologist and teaching assistant.
Labour Pains: Palaeopathology, Taphonomy and Obstetric Death in Ancient China
Sandra Garvie-Lok, PhD (Associate Professor, University of Alberta)
Tuesday, April 27, 2021 at 1:30 p.m. PST via YouTube Premiere
Abstract: Paleopathologists study life in the past by examining archaeological skeletons for signs of disease, trauma and malnutrition, and interpreting these signs in the light of modern clinical data. We put these ancient illnesses into a broader social context using information from historical documents and archaeological excavations. This approach gives us a window into ancient lives and lets us consider the interplay of health and culture across regions and eras.
When we’re trying to reconstruct illness and death in individual cases, we draw on evidence including archaeological and osteological data, modern clinical studies, and taphonomic studies of how human corpses change after death. In my lecture, I’ll discuss how this is done by drawing examples from two ancient burials of women who likely died in childbirth.
Biography: Dr. Sandra Garvie-Lok is a bioarchaeologist, researching past lives through human skeletal remains. She received her BA (Anthropology) from the University of Winnipeg and her MA and PhD (Archaeology) from the University of Calgary. She joined the Department of Anthropology at the University of Alberta in 2003. Her research uses stable isotope analysis, skeletal pathology, and mortuary analysis to study diet, health, and mobility in the past. Most of this research has been done in Greece and the Central Plains region of China. Currently, her main research activity in Greece is her work in Thessaly, where she is collaborating with Dr. Margriet Haagsma (University of Alberta) and Dr. Sophia Karapanou (Ephorate of Antiquities of Larissa) to examine Hellenistic landscape use and Iron Age mortuary practices. In China, she is collaborating with Dr. Zhou Yawei (Zhengzhou University) to study life in the Central Plains during the Late Neolithic, focusing on death in childbirth and how women and infants who died in this way were buried.